[1] Yu, N. F. et al. Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction. Science 334, 333-337 (2011). doi: 10.1126/science.1210713
[2] Khorasaninejad, M. et al. Metalenses at visible wavelengths: diffraction-limited focusing and subwavelength resolution imaging. Science 352, 1190-1194 (2016).
[3] Khorasaninejad, M. & Capasso, F. Metalenses: versatile multifunctional photonic components. Science 358, eaam8100 (2017).
[4] Arbabi, A. & Faraon, A. Advances in optical metalenses. Nature Photonics 17, 16-25 (2023).
[5] Leng, B. R. et al. Meta-device: advanced manufacturing. Light: Advanced Manufacturing 5, 117-132 (2024).
[6] Zou, X. J. et al. Imaging based on metalenses. PhotoniX 1, 2 (2020).
[7] Chen, B. H. et al. GaN metalens for pixel-level full-color routing at visible light. Nano Letters 17, 6345-6352 (2017).
[8] Kim, I. et al. Outfitting next generation displays with optical metasurfaces. ACS Photonics 5, 3876-3895 (2018).
[9] Lee, G. Y. et al. Metasurface eyepiece for augmented reality. Nature Communications 9, 4562 (2018).
[10] Liu, X. Q. et al. Biomimetic sapphire windows enabled by inside-out femtosecond laser deep-scribing. PhotoniX 3, 1 (2022).
[11] Pan, M. Y. et al. Dielectric metalens for miniaturized imaging systems: progress and challenges. Light: Science & Applications 11, 195 (2022).
[12] Ou, X. N. et al. Tunable polarization-multiplexed achromatic dielectric metalens. Nano Letters 22, 10049-10056 (2022).
[13] Jing, X. L. et al. Three-dimensional measurement enabled by single-layer all-in-one transmitting-receipting optical metasystem. Opto-Electronic Advances 8, 240299 (2025).
[14] Ha, Y. L. et al. High-fidelity mode scaling via topological-optimized on-chip metalens for compact photonic interconnection. Light: Advanced Manufacturing 4, 222-232 (2023).
[15] Aieta, F. et al. Multiwavelength achromatic metasurfaces by dispersive phase compensation. Science 347, 1342-1345 (2015).
[16] Zhan, A. L. et al. Low-contrast dielectric metasurface optics. ACS Photonics 3, 209-214 (2016).
[17] Avayu, O. et al. Composite functional metasurfaces for multispectral achromatic optics. Nature Communications 8, 14992 (2017).
[18] Fan, Z. B. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens array for integral imaging in the visible. Light: Science & Applications 8, 67 (2019).
[19] Andrén, D. et al. Large-scale metasurfaces made by an exposed resist. ACS Photonics 7, 885-892 (2020).
[20] Zheng, H. Y. et al. Large-scale metasurfaces based on grayscale nanosphere lithography. ACS Photonics 8, 1824-1831 (2021).
[21] Wang, S. M. et al. Broadband achromatic optical metasurface devices. Nature Communications 8, 187 (2017).
[22] Shrestha, S. et al. Broadband achromatic dielectric metalenses. Light: Science & Applications 7, 85 (2018).
[23] Lin, R. J. et al. Achromatic metalens array for full-colour light-field imaging. Nature Nanotechnology 14, 227-231 (2019).
[24] Egede Johansen, V. et al. Nanoscale precision brings experimental metalens efficiencies on par with theoretical promises. Communications Physics 7, 123 (2024).
[25] Yoon, G., Kim, I. & Rho, J. Challenges in fabrication towards realization of practical metamaterials. Microelectronic Engineering 163, 7-20 (2016).
[26] Park, J. S. et al. All-glass, large metalens at visible wavelength using deep-ultraviolet projection lithography. Nano Letters 19, 8673-8682 (2019).
[27] De Vocht, D. et al. Silicon nitride metalenses at near-infrared wavelengths manufactured using deep-ultraviolet scanner lithography. The 25th European Conference on Integrated Optics. Aachen: Springer, 2024, 315-322.
[28] Chanda, D. et al. Large-area flexible 3D optical negative index metamaterial formed by nanotransfer printing. Nature Nanotechnology 6, 402-407 (2011).
[29] Park, T. W. et al. Thermally assisted nanotransfer printing with sub–20-nm resolution and 8-inch wafer scalability. Science Advances 6, eabb6462 (2020).
[30] Beaulieu, M. R., Hendricks, N. R. & Watkins, J. J. Large-area printing of optical gratings and 3D photonic crystals using solution-processable nanoparticle/polymer composites. ACS Photonics 1, 799-805 (2014).
[31] Jung, D. E. et al. Refractive index tuning of all-inorganic TiO2 nanocrystal-based films and high aspect ratio nanostructures using atomic layer deposition: implications for high-throughput fabrication of metalenses. ACS Applied Nano Materials 6, 2009-2019 (2023).
[32] Fan, Z. B. et al. Integral imaging near-eye 3D display using a nanoimprint metalens array. eLight 4, 3 (2024).
[33] Yoon, G. et al. Single-step manufacturing of hierarchical dielectric metalens in the visible. Nature Communications 11, 2268 (2020).
[34] Einck, V. J. et al. Scalable nanoimprint lithography process for manufacturing visible metasurfaces composed of high aspect ratio TiO2 meta-atoms. ACS Photonics 8, 2400-2409 (2021).
[35] Kim, J. et al. Metasurface holography reaching the highest efficiency limit in the visible via one-step nanoparticle-embedded-resin printing. Laser & Photonics Reviews 16, 2200098 (2022).
[36] Naveed, M. A. et al. Single-step fabricable flexible metadisplays for sensitive chemical/biomedical packaging security and beyond. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 14, 31194-31202 (2022).
[37] Park, C. et al. High-throughput fabrication of large-scale metaholograms via one-step printing. Advanced Optical Materials 12, 2301562 (2024).
[38] Kim, W. et al. Thermally-curable nanocomposite printing for the scalable manufacturing of dielectric metasurfaces. Microsystems & Nanoengineering 8, 73 (2022).
[39] Park, Y. et al. Tape-assisted residual layer-free one-step nanoimprinting of high-index hybrid polymer for optical loss-suppressed metasurfaces. Advanced Science 12, 2409371 (2025).
[40] Kim, G. et al. Metasurface-driven full-space structured light for three-dimensional imaging. Nature Communications 13, 5920 (2022).
[41] Jeong, M. et al. Printable light-emitting metasurfaces with enhanced directional photoluminescence. Nano Letters 24, 5783-5790 (2024).
[42] Klapdohr, S. & Moszner, N. New inorganic components for dental filling composites. Chemical Monthly 136, 21-45 (2005).
[43] Cramer, N. B., Stansbury, J. W. & Bowman, C. N. Recent advances and developments in composite dental restorative materials. Journal of Dental Research 90, 402-416 (2011).
[44] Khorasaninejad, M. et al. Achromatic metalens over 60 nm bandwidth in the visible and metalens with reverse chromatic dispersion. Nano Letters 17, 1819-1824 (2017).
[45] She, A. L. et al. Large area metalenses: design, characterization, and mass manufacturing. Optics Express 26, 1573-1585 (2018).
[46] Jung, D. E. et al. Full wafer scale manufacturing of directly printed TiO2 metalenses at visible wavelengths with outstanding focusing efficiencies. Advanced Materials 37, 2500327 (2025).
[47] Wang, Y. J. et al. High-efficiency broadband achromatic metalens for near-IR biological imaging window. Nature Communications 12, 5560 (2021).