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Innovative 2D heterostructure nanocavity for robust single-soliton mode-locking
Haiyi Liu, Hai Liu, Fang Wang, Pengfei Qi, Lie Lin, et al.
Published Published online: 10 December 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.083
A robust saturable absorber that integrates MoS2-BN-graphene-BN-MoS2 nanocavity on fibre is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed absorber lowers saturation intensity to 22 MW cm−2, raises polarisation tolerance to 85%, and stabilises single-soliton mode-locking in all-fibre lasers. This work provides a practical and high-performance solution for achieving stable mode-locking in all-fibre lasers, effectively overcoming the inherent limitations of conventional 2D saturable absorbers.
Geometric-phase versus gradient-index: a showdown for ultimate liquid crystal lenses
Chao Ping Chen, Miao Xu
Published Published online: 04 December 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.085
Liquid crystal lenses can be achieved with either geometric phase or gradient refractive index. Which solution will ultimately prevail is open to debate. This article aims to provide a theoretical background, review the latest seminal research findings, and shed light on their pros and cons from multiple perspectives.
Beyond conventional VCSELs: Emerging directions with colloidal quantum dots and geometry engineering
Minjun Kim, Jeonghun Kwak
Published Published online: 03 December 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.084
Recent advances have highlighted new directions for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). Engineering the device architecture enabled electrically pumped surface-emitting amplified spontaneous emission from colloidal quantum dots, while non-circular cavity geometries enhanced power scaling, coherence control, and polarization stability. These breakthroughs broaden VCSEL research, pointing to customizable, application-specific devices.
Carbon nanotube photo-thermoelectric imagers enhance the non-destructive quality monitoring
Yupeng Liu, Yiming Hao, Songnan Qu
Published Published online: 25 November 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.082
A non-destructive in-line dynamic detection system based on carbon nanotube thin film photo-thermoelectric imager has been developed. Utilizing ultra-broadband sub-terahertz-infrared multi-band light monitoring, it achieves efficient, contactless dynamic visual detection of ingredients and foreign matter in tablets.
High-resolution, nondestructive patterning of quantum dots via rigid crosslinker-enabled direct photolithography
Haotao Li, Shuming Chen
Published Published online: 12 November 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.081
A direct photolithography approach using rigid crosslinkers was developed for the precise patterning of quantum dot (QD) layers, producing high-resolution RGB arrays with pixel sizes down to 1 μm. This strategy suppresses QD degradation typically associated with conventional high-UV photolithography while enhancing electron confinement within the QDs, thereby preserving their luminescent properties. As a result, high-performance patterned red QLEDs were successfully fabricated.
Femtosecond laser processing boosts solar thermoelectric generator
Tianyu Zhao, Cong Shen, Hujiabudula Maimaitizi, Guanying Chen
Published Published online: 06 November 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.070
Femtosecond laser processing enables the fabrication of high-absorption, low-emissivity solar absorbers and highly efficient microstructured heat sinks for heat dissipation in solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs), leading to a 15-fold increase in output power.
Multifocal metalenses drive super-resolution imaging of brain organoids
Wei Ren, Qianxi Liang, Peng Xi
Published Published online: 24 October 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.071
The generation of dense and uniform multifocal illumination patterns is essential for achieving rapid and artifact-free image scanning microscopy. Jo et al. introduced an innovative metalens design approach that facilitates the creation of low-pitch, uniform, and high-NA multifocal patterns, experimentally confirming its efficacy on biological samples.
Light-controlled biological microrobots precisely eliminate bio-threats
Bojian Shi, Yongyin Cao, Weiqiang Ding
Published Published online: 24 October 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.069
Light-controlled biological microrobots employ near-infrared-activated macrophages to achieve precise navigation and targeted elimination of biological threats, such as micro/nanoplastics, yeast cells, S. aureus bacteria, and cellular debris, without the need for genetic modification. These biological microrobots enhance approaches to immunotherapy, infection control, and environmental remediation, all while overcoming conventional biocompatibility constraints.
New approaches to chromatic aberration and waveguide optimization for full-color augmented reality systems
Ruihuang Zhao, Junjie Du
Published Published online: 09 October 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.066
A novel approach is presented for correcting chromatic aberration in full-color AR using an inverse-designed metasurface, enabling improved color accuracy and uniformity in diffractive waveguide combiners, with potential for more compact and efficient AR glasses.
Bridging microscale and macroscale light-field image reconstruction using ‘real-time and universal network’
Boya Jin, Yiwei Hou, Peng Xi
Published Published online: 20 August 2025 , doi: 10.37188/lam.2025.060
A real-time and universal network (RTU-Net) has been proposed for multiscale, real-time, high-resolution reconstruction of light-field images. The proposed RTU-Net can be applied to various application domains to gain insights into volumetric imaging from microscale to macroscale.
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